Emmy and Albert knew each other very well. However Einstein never incorporated seriously the brilliant ideas of Emmy Noether. On the homepage of this site we organised and filmed a short virtual debate between the two. So herewith we correct history afterwards for the better of Physics! The film is going pretty...

Black Hole Singularities and Wormholes: Albert Einstein would have warned against them and Karl Schwarzschild would have corrected these ideas, caused by errors. This article explains extensively the history behind these errors and also how they must be repaired. It turns out that a so called Event horizon belongs in...

Contrary to popular believe, there are many Schwarzschild Solutions. Karl himself found one to a mass-point and one to a sphere of in-compressible liquid early 1916. After Karl’s death Einstein made important changes in his  official publication: he abandoned his g = -1 requirement in a footnote. Nobody checked...

Many cosmologists accept “Dark Energy” as representing today about 70% of all mass-energy of the universe and think it’s increasing every day. Where does it come from if the universe is all there is? A universal model should be based on laws of physics, energy conservation and constants of nature being constant. Emmy...

It is hard to take space-time seriously. What is the consequence for the four-dimensional shape  of our universe? For better understanding, this article uses 2-d sections to visualize  Einstein’s first model. This static model used a cosmological constant which Einstein later withdrew. The authors present a new 3-sphere...

After publication in 1905 of his Special Relativity, Einstein was praised but he also got a lot of criticism. Paul Ehrenfest, Mach and others revealed inconsistencies. Einstein listened to them and made crucial improvements in 1916 so that the famous paradoxes disappeared. It formed the basis for his General...

How many people understand Relativity? Many say they do, but how do they explain the paradoxes of Special Relativity (SR)? Do they know that Einstein changed his mind about his own SR in 1916? They should know that he abandoned the equality of reference frames already in 1916, solving the twin paradox. Then Einstein...

The age of our universe depends on the estimate of the Hubble constant. Recent measurements (WHAP, Planck, ed) would mean an age of more than 14.5 billion years. This article takes a different approach, based on Noether’s theorem on energy conservation and the comoving coordinates of Robertson and Walker. The age now...

Einstein used a complicated set of tensors in his General Relativity. However in his writing in 1916 he used a Laplace operator, which can help us to determine the gravitational potential inside a sphere without having to go into his field equations. Many surprising results: The behaviour of clocks is in line with all...

In 1908 Hermann  Minkowski improved Special Relativity Theorie by replacing the Lorentz transformation by his own differential formula. Einstein followed him because now the speed of the proper observer could vary. Later Einstein made use of Minkowski’s formula in his General Relativity. Another advantage was that the...